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Scotch Plains is a township in Union County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 Census, the township's population was 23,510,〔〔〔 reflecting an increase of 778 (+3.4%) from the 22,732 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn increased by 1,572 (+7.4%) from the 21,160 counted in the 1990 Census.〔(Table 7. Population for the Counties and Municipalities in New Jersey: 1990, 2000 and 2010 ), New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development, February 2011. Accessed August 30, 2012.〕 ==History== The area known as Scotch Plains was first settled by Europeans, including many Scottish Quakers as early as 1684.〔Dudley, William L. ("Friendly Families: The Shotwells" ), ''The Story of the Friends in Plainfield Including A History of Early Quaker Families'', Rahway & Plainfield Friends (Quaker) Meeting, March 29, 1929. Accessed May 22, 2013.〕 The name is said to have come from George Scott, a leader of a group of Scottish settlers.〔Hutchinson, Viola L. (''The Origin of New Jersey Place Names'' ), New Jersey Public Library Commission, May 1945. Accessed October 1, 2015.〕 It later served as a stop on the stage coach line between New York and Philadelphia. The Ash Swamp in Scotch Plains was the scene of a key action in the Battle of Short Hills, on June 26, 1777, which included skirmishes as Washington's forces moved along Rahway Road in Scotch Plains toward the Watchung Mountains. An ancient house in Scotch Plains recalls those skirmishes and, with the acreage adjoining the house, presents a vista of that decade, the 1770s. This was the home of Aunt Betty Frazee, whose retort to Lord Cornwallis led the British to find their bread from friendlier bakers in the same battle. The farmstead of Betty and Gershom Frazee is being restored by local organizations.〔(Major Events and Fundraisers ), Rotary Club of Fanwood-Scotch Plains. Accessed May 22, 2013.〕 What is now Scotch Plains was originally incorporated as Fanwood Township on March 6, 1878, by an act of the New Jersey Legislature from portions of Plainfield Township and Westfield Township. Portions of the township were taken to form Fanwood Borough on October 2, 1895. Fanwood Township was renamed as Scotch Plains on March 29, 1917, based on the results of a referendum held that same day.〔Snyder, John P. (''The Story of New Jersey's Civil Boundaries: 1606-1968'' ), Bureau of Geology and Topography; Trenton, New Jersey; 1969. p. 238 re Fanwood Township. p. 241 re Scotch Plains. Accessed August 30, 2012.〕 Scotch Plains was home to the Shady Rest Country Club, the nation's first African-American country club. Its pro, John Shippen, the first American golf professional, led the 1892 U.S. Open in the final round before finishing fifth.〔Staff. ("Making an impact." ), ''Black Enterprise'', November 1, 2003. Accessed December 18, 2011.〕 The Shady Rest clubhouse hosted Cab Calloway and other greats as a local center for African-American culture in the 1920s and 1930s. It is preserved today as the Scotch Hills Municipal course.〔Venutolo, Anthony. ("Shady Rest in Scotch Plains was first African-American club of its kind" ), ''The Star-Ledger'', February 19, 2009. Accessed December 18, 2011.〕 A much more complete history of the township can be found in the October 28, 1999, "Our Towns: Scotch Plains-Fanwood (2nd Annual)" issue of the ''The Times of Scotch Plains-Fanwood'', produced by the town's newspaper of record at the time〔Madison, Deborah. ("Scotch Plains and Fanwood - A Tale of Two Communities" ), ''The Times of Scotch Plains-Fanwood'', October 28, 1999. Accessed September 4, 2014.〕 as well as on the township's website.〔(History ), Township of Scotch Plains. Accessed August 26, 2013.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Scotch Plains, New Jersey」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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